Tomorrow’s Target:
Cover the following chapters from Indian Polity by M. Laxmikanth:
Chapter 72 – Co-operative Societies
Details the autonomous, member-driven groups serving economic, social, and welfare purposes. Included in Part IX-B (Articles 243-ZH to 243-ZT) after the 97th Amendment, which:
- Made co-operatives a fundamental right (Article 19).
- Introduced a DPSP (Article 43-B).
Chapter 73 – Official Language
Constitutional provisions related to the use, recognition, and policy on India’s official language(s).
Chapter 74 – Public Services
Insights into recruitment, reforms, and structure of public services in India.
Chapter 75 – Rights & Liabilities of Government
Covers constitutional provisions (Articles 294–300):
- Succession of property.
- Government contracts.
- Legal suits against government authorities.
- Financial and legal liabilities of the Union and States.
Chapter 76 – Special Provisions for Some Classes
Focus on special constitutional safeguards for specific vulnerable and marginalized sections of society.
📖 Study Strategy for Tomorrow
- Read attentively — These chapters involve constitutional principles and institutional frameworks frequently tested in both Prelims and Mains.
- Highlight:
- Key Articles: 19, 43-B, 294–300.
- Structures and protections granted to co-operatives and special groups.
- Take concise notes on:
- Evolution of co-operative societies and their constitutional status.
- Public service structure and accountability mechanisms.
- Government’s legal and financial liabilities.
- Special protections for certain classes — purpose and mechanisms.
💡 This block strengthens your command over governance, constitutional rights, and institutional frameworks. Let’s cover them with precision and insight!